In this guide we introduce the J1939 protocol basics incl. PGNs and SPNs.

Note: This is a practical intro so you will also learn how to decode J1939 data via DBC files, how J1939 logging works, key use cases and practical tips.

Learn below why this has become the #1 introduction to J1939.

You can also watch our J1939 intro above - or get the PDF

Zion Lights @ziontree
One of the reasons I like nuclear energy is its small land footprint.

This video shows the amount of land required by the Olkiluoto 3 nuclear power plant in Finland compared with wind power.

Data visualisation by @Klimavenner

Buffer overflow in bootloader shim allows attackers to run code each time devices boot up. //

The risk of successful exploitation is mostly limited to extreme scenarios, as noted earlier. The one scenario where exploitation is most viable—when devices receive boot images over an unencrypted HTTP server—is one that should never happen in 2024 or the past decade, for that matter.

That said, the harm from successful exploitation is serious and is the reason for the severity rating of 9.8 out of a possible 10. People should install patches promptly once they become available.

Graham Allen
@GrahamAllen_1
·
Follow
Justice Thomas is ON FIRE.

He took down Colorado attorney Jason Murray BASELESS CLAIMS during Donald Trump's 14th Amendment hearing at SCOTUS.

Thomas - "What are the examples?"
Murray - Provides no examples.
Thomas - "Do you have any examples of this?"

4:46 PM · Feb 8, 2024 //

Kraken from the Metacosmos
3 hours ago
Colorado argues that what even though Trump was never charged, never indicted, never convicted, what he did was so heinous he has to banned from the ballot. What utter drivel. I can't see the Supremes buying an argument that stupid. //

Terrible System
3 hours ago
The odds were much higher that this case would be decided 9-0 in Trump’s favor than that Trump would lose. Maybe one or two of the leftist justices writes a concurring opinion instead of agreeing entirely with the majority, but without a conviction or even a pending charge of insurrection by a criminal court, the argument that Trump should be treated as guilty of a crime based on the fact that Democrats don’t like him is quite possibly the thinnest argument with which any attorney has ever walked into the Supreme Court.

The jury in Superior Court of the District of Columbia found that [think tank fellow Rand] Simberg and Steyn made false statements, awarding Mann $1 in compensatory damages from each writer. It awarded punitive damages of $1,000 from Simberg and $1 million from Steyn, after finding that the pair made their statements with “maliciousness, spite, ill will, vengeance or deliberate intent to harm.”[...] //

Steyn, who the Associated Press reported represented himself, released a statement via Melissa Howes, his manager, "that he would be appealing the $1 million award in punitive damages, saying it would have to face 'due process scrutiny.'”

His statement continued:

We always said that Mann never suffered any actual injury from the statement at issue,.And today, after twelve years, the jury awarded him one dollar in compensatory damages. //

LaserTSV
4 hours ago edited
Why was the case filed in DC and not Pennsylvania? I am totally confused by all of this. Isn't $1M a small amount of money for court cases? I am thinking the legal bills for both parties was larger than $1M??? Will Steyn end up paying more than $1M to appeal this? //

Keith
21 minutes ago
What a complete travesty of justice, Mann couldn't even get another "climate scientist" to testify on his behalf.

Hawaii's Supreme Court reversed a lower court decision finding that Hawaii was subject to federal law and Supreme Court precedent, and found that the Supreme Court had erred in its New York State Rifle & Pistol Association v. Bruen.

Writing for a unanimous court, Justice Todd Eddins said, "We hold that in Hawaii there is no state constitutional right to carry a firearm in public." //

While they were declaring Heller and Bruen were wrongly decided and violated Hawaii's understanding of what the US Constitution means, the court took a swipe at the Dobbs decision that found infanticide was not a Constitutionally protected activity, accusing the Supreme Court of engaging in "historical fiction." //

As RedStater Bill Shipley noted on "X,"

The Hawaii Court could have written its entire opinion just the way it has, and added a single sentence/ paragraph at the end that began "Nevertheless" and explained the SCOTUS decisions in Breun and Heller required it to uphold the lower court decision dismissing the charges.

They could have had their diatribe for 50 pages while respected their place in the Constitutional order of things -- even if they didn't like it.

Instead, they just lit themselves on fire.

In an interview with The Daily Signal, Indiana Attorney General Todd Rokita announced the launch of an online portal in which parents can monitor content of potential concern.

“This is a tool to empower parents in their dealings with their own school system so they can better raise their kids, which is their job and not the schools,” Rokita told the Signal. //

When Indiana officials tried to challenge teachers on the use of such material, many denied that they were using it. The portal was, therefore, designed to help parents collect proof of what was really going on in the classroom with the use of screenshots, lesson plans, emails, and more. //

LambeauPlain
17 hours ago edited
In a free enterprise society, competition raises all boats. It encourages creativity, effectiveness and efficiency.

In government run societies, competition is replaced with status quo dogma, lack of tangible results, and waste.

The unionized public school monopolies are terrified of having to sell and deliver results to earn customer loyalty. T

The teachers unions have been bloated with hubris. They have been turning to rampant marxism (using social platforms of sex, race and equity) to change the subject away from meaningful learning...and being a monopoly believed they could get away it. They have mostly succeeded...until recently.

Reliable and free network scanner to analyze LAN. The program shows all network devices, gives you access to shared folders, provides remote control of computers (via RDP and Radmin), and can even remotely switch computers off. It is easy to use and runs as a portable edition. It should be the first choice for every network admin.

How deep did the Biden administration's censorship regime go, which infamously targeted Twitter and Facebook? According to newly subpoenaed emails by the House Judiciary Committee, it even reached the world's largest retailer, Amazon. //

Rep. Jim Jordan released some of the details on Monday, which included former Biden official Andy Slavitt pressuring Amazon to censor books that questioned the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines. //

That last sentence is chilling. As if there's nothing wrong with what was occurring, an Amazon worker asks, "Is the Admin asking us to remove books, or are they more concerned about search results/order (or both)?" //

Rep. Jim Jordan
@Jim_Jordan
·
Follow
How did the Biden White House conclude that there was “propaganda and misinformation” in books sold in Amazon’s bookstore?

The White House ran keyword searches for controversial topics, such as “vaccine,” and emailed Amazon when it didn’t like how the search results appeared:
11:44 PM · Feb 5, 2024 //

Rep. Jim Jordan
@Jim_Jordan
·
Follow
After the White House spent a week berating Amazon, what did the online bookstore do?

Starting March 9—the same day as its meeting with the White House—Amazon enabled “Do Not Promote” for books that expressed the view that vaccines were not effective.
11:44 PM · Feb 5, 2024

Quite honestly, Lankford's position is utterly insane. This bill leaves the border no different than it is today, changes laws to make them more lenient, funds the chaos, and strips border states of the ability to effectively challenge this law in court. //

This bill is a solution looking for a problem.

The real problem, the asylum questions not being asked, remains.

It's sad that our lawmakers are so focused on making laws and not in solving problems. //

Random US Citizen
5 hours ago
We've reached an interesting point in the decline of the republic. The point where people are both willing and unashamed to openly state bald-faced lies that are diametric opposition to objective reality... and almost no one will say anything. It's both fascinating and alarming to watch as politicians make claims that are clearly the opposite of the plain text of the bill.

They've always lied, of course. They might shade the truth. They might omit important but controversial points when talking about a bill. They might even make hyperbolic pronouncements ("Republicans want to take away Social Security"). But we seem to have arrived at a time when they're quite willing to insist, against all the evidence of our senses, that "we've always been at war with East Asia."

Orwell is my least favorite prophet.

Caedite eos. Novit enim Dominus qui sunt eius.

As bad as everything I've just noted is, none of it even matters. Why? Because this bill gives President Joe Biden sole authority to override all the emergency provisions that supposedly kick in after 5,000 illegal entries. In other words, as laughably high as that threshold is, it's not even enforceable. //

Chris Murphy 🟧 @ChrisMurphyCT
·
6/ But...important checks on that power. It can only be used for a limited number of days per year. It sunsets in 3 years. Emergency cases that show up in between the ports still need to be accepted. The ports must process a minimum of 1400 claims a day.
6:54 PM · Feb 4, 2024

In short, Ukraine gets a bunch of cash, some insanely weak border enforcement provisions are put in place that expire after three years, and Biden gets the authority to override them immediately anyway. Does that sound like something Republicans should be signing onto, especially in an election year? This nonsense is DOA, and the House should rip it apart and shove it back in the face of the Senate.

ICANN has picked the TLD string that it will recommend for safe use behind corporate firewalls on the basis that it will never, ever be delegated.

The string is .internal, and the choice is now open for public comment.

It’s being called a “private use” TLD. Organizations would be able to use it behind their firewalls safe in the knowledge that it will never appear in the public DNS, mitigating the risk of public/private name collisions and data leakage.

.internal beat fellow short-lister .private to ICANN’s selection because it was felt that .private might lure people into a false sense of security.

While it’s unlikely that anyone was planning to apply for .internal as a commercial or brand gTLD in future, it’s important to note that when it makes it to the ICANN reserved list all confusingly similar strings will also be banned, un

French registrar Gandi will be the beneficiary of Freenom’s ignominious collapse last year, it has emerged.

ICANN records updated today show that Freenom’s gTLD domains will be transferred to Gandi following the termination of Freenom’s Registrar Accreditation Agreement last November.

Freenom, legally OpenTLD, had been ignoring customers transfer and renewal requests, leading to domains being lost, according to ICANN Compliance, which flicked the off switch after three rapid-fire breach notices.

Freenom had just 14,546 gTLD domains under management at the end of September, mostly in .com and .net, down quite a lot from its October 2019 peak of 44,774.

Elon Musk @elonmusk
·
The only action needed to solve climate change is is a carbon tax.

There's a lot that's wrong here, with the first thing being that carbon itself is comparable to various vices. People can choose to not drink. They can't choose to not eat food, whose production releases carbon emissions. There's also that whole "breathing" thing to consider. Something like travel is also more of a necessity than not in the modern world.

Regardless, Musk couches his idea for a carbon tax in a populist message of not imposing draconian laws on farmers and air-conditioner usage. Okay, but who does he think would be affected by a carbon tax? For example, ranchers that create large amounts of carbon emissions raising cattle would be on the hook. Further, even if one makes the argument that a carbon tax would mostly impact large companies, guess what they'll do to their prices? And guess who will then pay that price increase. //

brookie
2 hours ago
CO2 is the gas of life.

DavidW
2 hours ago
I think Al Gore and John Kerry support carbon taxes. That disqualifies the concept immediately!!!

Elon Musk @elonmusk
·
Most people in America don’t know that the census is based on a simple headcount of people (including illegals) not just citizens.

This shifts political power and money to states and Congressional districts with the highest number of illegals.
11:12 AM · Feb 3, 2024

Thomas Massie @RepThomasMassie
·
Replying to @elonmusk
True. And when they find out, most Americans disagree with the current practice of counting illegals in the census and awarding congressional representation and electoral votes based on illegals.

Thats why I have cosponsored @WarrenDavidson ‘s resolution to stop this practice.

Warren Davidson 🇺🇸 @WarrenDavidson
Encourage your member of Congress to cosponsor HJ Resolution 37.

Congressional districts should be drawn based on the population of US citizens only. The Census should specifically count US citizens for apportionment of representation. Only US citizens are represented by the US…
1:11 PM · Feb 3, 2024

Despite having a population of just 1,400, until recently, Tokelau’s .tk domain had more users than any other country. Here’s why.

Bill Melugin @BillMelugin_
·
NEW: The large majority of illegal crossings at the southern border are now happening in AZ & CA, as a shift away from TX continues.

Per CBP sources, 23,576 of them – 71.8% – were in Arizona and California. Notably, the numbers in Texas' Del Rio sector, which includes Eagle Pass, have fallen off a cliff. In December, the sector saw days of 3,000-4,000 illegal crossings per day. Over the last week, it has averaged around just 200.

12:34 PM · Feb 1, 2024 //

Barry Cunningham @barrycunningham
·
Illegals got the message.

Texas encounters dropped from 4,000 per day down to 200!

Now they are headed to Arizona and California.
Sooo...a show of force DOES work! Whaddayaknow!
6:14 PM · Feb 1, 2024 //

NightTwister
a day ago
"So we don't know what Biden may have promised Mexico" -- Probably this: "We'll have more flexibility after the election in November."

Mike Lee @BasedMikeLee
·
Earlier today, a reporter standing outside the Senate chamber told me that, after four months of secrecy, The Firm™️ plans to release the text of the $106 billion supplemental aid / border-security package—possibly as soon as tomorrow.

Wasting no time, she then asked, “if you get the bill by tomorrow, will you be ready to vote on it by Tuesday?”

The words “hell no” escaped my mouth before I could stop them. Those are strong words where I come from. (Sorry, Mom).

The reporter immediately understood that my frustration was not directed at her.

Rather," it was directed at the Law Firm of Schumer & McConnell ('The Firm'), which is perpetually trying to normalize a corrupt approach to legislating—in which 'The Firm':

(1) spends months drafting legislation in complete secrecy,

(2) aggressively markets that legislation based not on its details and practical implications (good and bad), but only on its broadest, least-controversial objectives,

(3) lets members see bill text for the first time only a few days (sometimes a few hours) before an arbitrary deadline imposed by The Firm itself, always with a contrived sense of urgency, and then

(4) forces a vote on the legislation on or before that deadline, denying senators any real opportunity to read, digest, and debate the measure on its merits, much less introduce, consider, and vote on amendments to fix any perceived problems with the bill or otherwise improve it.

Whenever The Firm engages in this practice, it largely excludes nearly every senator from the constitutionally prescribed process in which all senators are supposed to participate.

So why does The Firm do it?

The high success rate is largely attributable to the fact that The Firm has become very adept at (a) enlisting the help of the (freakishly cooperative) news media, (b) exerting peer pressure in a way that makes what you experienced in middle school look mild by comparison, and (c) rewarding those who consistently vote with The Firm with various privileges that The Firm is uniquely capable of offering (committee assignments, help with campaign fundraising, and a whole host of other widely coveted things that The Firm is free to distribute in any manner it pleases).

It’s through this process that The Firm passes most major spending legislation

It’s through this process that The Firm likely intends to pass the still-secret, $106 billion supplemental aid / border-security package, which The Firm has spent four months negotiating, with the luxury of obsessing over every sentence, word, period, and comma.

I still don’t know exactly what’s in this bill, although I have serious concerns with it based on the few details The Firm has been willing to share.

But under no circumstances should this bill — which would fund military operations in three distant parts of the world and make massive, permanent changes to immigration law — be passed next week.

Nor should it be passed until we have had adequate time to read the bill, discuss it with constituents, debate it, offer amendments, and vote on those amendments.

There’s no universe in which those things will happen by next week.

Elon Musk @elonmusk
·
Biden’s strategy is very simple:

1. Get as many illegals in the country as possible.

2. Legalize them to create a permanent majority – a one-party state.

That is why they are encouraging so much illegal immigration. Simple, yet effective.
8:26 PM · Feb 2, 2024b//

In response to Biden's January 26 press release in which he claimed he needed congressional authority and more money to "shut down" the border, Musk fired back:

No laws need to be passed. All that is needed is an executive order to require proof before granting an asylum hearing. That is how it used to be. ///

Enforce the law as it is written.

they were released on their own recognizance, which means police have nothing to arrest them on, on the assumption – which they have to operate on – that they’ll be back for their [March 4] court date.”

“The chances of that happening when four people get on a bus with false names and head for the city that literally you can cross the street into the Mexican border is probably unlikely,” he added. //

This is what "criminal justice reform" and defund the police have brought us – get-out-of-jail-free cards for criminals in cities like the Big Apple, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. The phrase, “do the crime, serve the time” seems like a distant memory. Now it’s more like, “do the deed, get quickly freed.” //

Weminuche45
21 minutes ago
anarcho-tyranny:
The law is powerless to help you, but it can still harm you.

In simple terms, anarcho-tyranny is when the state stops upholding its end of the social contract and uses its monopoly on violence for its own ends.