Type of Extinguisher Effectiveness on Lithium-ion Fires
- Water ⚠️ Not effective
- Foam ⚠️ Risky; can spread fire
- DCP (Dry Chemical Powder) ✅ Better, but not always reliable
- Specialized Lithium Iron Extinguishers ✅ Most effective!
Class D extinguishers are designed specifically for flammable metals, making them effective against lithium battery fires. Other types, like CO2 and foam extinguishers, can be used in some cases but may not always be effective. Always check labels for proper use.
- Class D extinguishers: Best for lithium fires.
- CO2 extinguishers: Good for electrical fires, but not always effective on lithium.
- Foam extinguishers: Work for some flammable materials, but avoid lithium.
Preconfigured Cummins BESS units provide safe and reliable energy storage in capacities ranging from 211 to 2280 kWh.
Product availability
- Africa, Asia Pacific, China, Europe, India, Latin America, Middle East.
State-of-the-art battery technology
Utilizes proven and reliable lithium-ion phosphate or lithium ferrophosphate (LFP) batteries which offer higher cycle life and are less prone to thermal runaway than other battery chemistries.
Liquid cooling thermal management
Features a glycol-based thermal management system which maintains optimal battery temperatures more efficiently than air-cooled BESS units. This ensures uniform temperature distribution and increases performance while extending battery life and reliability.
Three levels of fire safety
Equipped with three levels of safety systems:
- Real-time cell-level monitoring automatically halts cell operation when the safe temperature range is exceeded, enhanced by built-in liquid immersion protection for critical safety in extreme scenarios
- FK-5-1-12 fire suppression agent
- Internal sprinkler system designed for seamless connection to external fire hoses
Standard 10-foot container
- 211 kWh and 422 kWh.
Standard 20-foot cube container - 633 kWh, 1056 kWh, 1520 kWh and 2280 kWh.
High energy density
Offered in two architectural designs: a standard 10-foot and a standard 20-foot high cube container, each system includes an isolation transformer and power conversion system. The battery liquid cooling system efficiently manages heat dissipation and ensures uniform temperature control, improving performance and extending lifespan.
Easy installation
Completely self-contained, with plug-and-play functionality, each unit is factory-pretested and validated and can deliver seamless integration with Cummins generator sets and controllers.
Transportation-ready design
Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) certification combined with standard containerized design allows for simple transportation including compatibility with cargo ships.
True on-grid and off-grid design
BESS can operate either in grid-forming (VF) or grid-following (PQ) mode for maximum versatility and resiliency. Each unit’s power conversion system (PCS) is optimized for its respective power range.
Cummins preconfigured BESS units, with capacities ranging from 211 kWh to 2280 kWh, deliver plug-and-play functionality for safe and reliable operation.
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A pioneering Serbian company specializing in lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery technology has unveiled a groundbreaking cell that charges electric vehicles (EVs) up to 80 percent in just 12 minutes.
Produced by Subotica-based ElevenEs, the new Edge574 Blade Cell not only delivers ultra-fast charging, but also offers an impressive cycle life equivalent to about 310,000 miles (500,000 kilometers), combining speed and durability in a single high-performance solution. //
The battery’s smart fast-charging method allows it to reach from 10 to 80 percent capacity in approximately 12 minutes when operating at temperatures of 77 degrees Fahrenheit (25 degrees Celsius) or above, significantly reducing downtime and improving efficiency for electric vehicle users. //
ElevenEs further revealed that the battery can reach 80 percent in just 18 minutes at 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius), charging with a power of 650 kilowatts (kW). It however, completes the process in 25 minutes when operating at 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius), with a peak charging power of 415 kW. //
When operating at full capacity with 210 cells, the system’s peak charging power reaches up to one megawatt. This, according to ElevenEs, opens new possibilities for rapid EV turnaround times and significantly more efficient charging infrastructure.
The cell also performs reliably between -22 degrees Fahrenheit (-30 degrees Celsius) and 140 degrees Fahrenheit (60 degrees Celsius), and still delivers its nominal capacity, ensuring consistent output across extreme conditions.
SourcePacT provides a way to streamline and maximize the value of any BESS deployment with its simplified design and increases sustainability by prioritizing cleaner energy.
Isolation & Interconnect Switches provide the necessary controls, metering, and switching needed to connect a local power island (critical loads & DER) to larger power infrastructure. This allows the DER (Distributed Energy Resource) to operate as a grid interactive device when connected to the larger electrical system but switch to grid forming by isolating the island during a power anomaly.
The first available Interconnect Source Isolation Switch designed to UL 3008.
The researchers began by testing a glass formed from a mixture of boron, sulfur, and lithium (B2S3 and Li2S). But this glass had terrible conductivity, so they started experimenting with related glasses and settled on a combination that substituted in some phosphorus and iodine.
The iodine turned out to be a critical component. While the exchange of electrons with sulfur is relatively slow, iodine undergoes electron exchange (technically termed a redox reaction) extremely quickly. So it can act as an intermediate in the transfer of electrons to sulfur, speeding up the reactions that occur at the electrode. In addition, iodine has relatively low melting and boiling points, and the researchers suggest there's some evidence that it moves around within the electrolyte, allowing it to act as an electron shuttle.
Successes and caveats
The result is a far superior electrolyte—and one that enables fast charging. It's typical that fast charging cuts into the total capacity that can be stored in a battery. But when charged at an extraordinarily fast rate (50C, meaning a full charge in just over a minute), a battery based on this system still had half the capacity of a battery charged 25 times more slowly (2C, or a half-hour to full charge).
But the striking thing was how durable the resulting battery was. Even at an intermediate charging rate (5C), it still had over 80 percent of its initial capacity after over 25,000 charge/discharge cycles. By contrast, lithium-ion batteries tend to hit that level of decay after about 1,000 cycles. If that sort of performance is possible in a mass-produced battery, it's only a slight exaggeration to say it can radically alter our relationships with many battery-powered devices.
What's not at all clear, however, is whether this takes full advantage of one of the original promises of lithium-sulfur batteries: more charge in a given weight and volume. The researchers specify the battery being used for testing; one electrode is an indium/lithium metal foil, and the other is a mix of carbon, sulfur, and the glass electrolyte. A layer of the electrolyte sits between them. But when giving numbers for the storage capacity per weight, only the weight of the sulfur is mentioned.
Still, even if weight issues would preclude this from being stuffed into a car or cell phone, there are plenty of storage applications that would benefit from something that doesn't wear out even with 65 years of daily cycling.
Nic Cruz Patane
@niccruzpatane
Tesla vehicles are nearly 8 times less likely to experience a vehicle fire compared to the U.S. average.
11:09 PM · Jan 1, 2025
2022 data:
- ICE vehicles: 59.5 fires per billion miles driven
- Tesla vehicles: 7.3
///
How many fires were not caused by accidents?
And note how much more difficult lithium battery guess are to extinguish.
Video shows moment multiple batteries exploded at South Korea factory: https://youtu.be/eY7eUbFY2X0
nagle
13 Jan
There’s a lot to be said for lithium-iron-phosphate batteries. They don’t have a thermal runaway problem and will survive the “nail test”. Energy density per unit weight is lower, though. Energy density per unit volume is about the same, but the batteries are heavier.
Lower-end electric cars, such as the Tesla low-end models and most of BYD’s output, have already gone to lithium-iron phosphate. Probably a good idea.
johnwalker 13 Jan
nagle:
Two islands with four chargers each can charge eight cars. Charging stations may be able to replace gas stations on the same real estate.
Current standards for electric vehicle charging stations have the following maximum power delivery:
- SAE J1772 DC Level 2 — 400 kW
- IEC 61851-1 — 80 kW
- Tesla NACS — 250 kW
(Again, these are maxima under the standards: many installed charging stations are lower power. A typical Tesla V2 Supercharger provides 120 kW.)
Plans for future higher power charging standards include the Megawatt Charging System 1 (MCS) with a rating of 3.75 megawatts (3000 amperes at 1250 volt DC).
Let’s compare this to a gasoline pump. A typical filling station pump in the developed world delivers around 50 litres per minute (38 l/min in Safetyland), and gasoline has an energy content of around 7500 kcal/litre depending on its formulation (around 5000 kcal/litre for pure ethanol and 8600 for #2 diesel). Plugging these into Units Calculator, we get:
(50 litres/minute) * (7500 kcal / litre) = 26.15 megawattso even the proposed MCS (which is primarily intended for large commercial vehicles and buses) delivers only around 1/7 the power of a gasoline pump.
Now, even getting installation of five megawatt electrical service is a pretty big thing in most places (that is the consumption of a very large office building), so it looks like building out an infrastructure which will allow electrical vehicle charging times competitive with gasoline filling will require very substantial upgrades to the power grid and local distribution facilities.
Electrical engineers must learn to navigate industry codes and standards while designing battery energy storage systems (BESS)
Florida State Fire Marshal Jimmy Patronis on Tuesday said there have been 16 fires during and after Hurricane Helene attributed to lithium-ion batteries used in Tesla and other electric vehicles, golf carts and other vehicles and devices. //
For cultists worried about climate change, a roaring fire hitting 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit will change the local climate quickly and disastrously.
Typically, an EV fire burns at roughly 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit (2,760 Celsius), while a gasoline-powered vehicle on fire burns at 1,500 F (815 C). It takes about 2,000 gallons of water to extinguish a burning gasoline-powered vehicle; putting out an EV fire can take 10 times more. //
A tractor-trailer carrying large lithium-ion batteries overturned and caught on fire on a highway near the Port of Los Angeles on Thursday, snarling traffic and leading to road closures and the shuttering of several terminals at the port.
The Los Angeles Fire Department said in a statement Thursday night that the fire was expected to burn for at least another 24 to 48 hours and that a roughly seven-mile stretch of California State Route 47, from the Vincent Thomas Bridge to Long Beach, would be closed in that period.
The Port of Los Angeles, the busiest port in the Western Hemisphere, said that several terminals would be closed on Friday.
…The explosion caused the batteries to ignite, causing a “thermal runaway,” a chain reaction in which heat develops extremely quickly, Capt. Adam Van Gerpen of the Los Angeles Fire Department told reporters.
Understand how BESS can be incorporated into electrical systems, and synchronized with generators.
Battery energy storage systems (BESS) have become essential in modern energy management, effectively addressing the intermittency of renewable energy sources and enhancing grid stability. This course provides a comprehensive exploration of BESS, focusing on benefits, diverse applications and the critical parameters necessary for optimizing performance.
Additionally, the course will delve into the synchronization and load-sharing of BESS with synchronous generator sets, offering a thorough understanding of how these systems work together to maximize efficiency and reliability.
When size and weight don't matter, lots of other battery chemistries can work.
According to the National Fire Prevention Agency, if an EV ever catches fire while you’re behind the wheel, immediately find a safe way to pull over and get the car away from the main road. Then, turn off the engine and make sure everyone leaves the vehicle immediately. Don’t delay things by grabbing personal belongings, just get out. Remain over 100 feet away from the burning car as you call 911 and request the fire department.
Also, you shouldn’t attempt to put out the flame yourself. This is a chemical fire, so a couple buckets of water won’t sufficiently smother the flames. EV battery fires can take first responders around 10 times more water to extinguish than a fire in a gas-powered vehicle. Sometimes the firefighters may decide to let the battery just burn itself out, rather than dousing it with water.
Once an EV battery catches fire, it’s possible for the chemical fire to reignite after the initial burn dies down. It’s even possible for the battery to go up in flames again days later. “Both firefighters and secondary responders, such as vehicle recovery or tow companies, also need to be aware of the potential for stranded energy that may remain in the undamaged portions of the battery,” says Thomas Barth, an investigator and biomechanics engineer for the NTSB, in an emailed statement. “This energy can pose risks for electric shock or cause the vehicle to reignite.”
Temperature and other driving conditions have an impact; Tesla doesn't meet range claims year round
Cell phones, cell phone battery charging cases, laptops, cameras, smart phones, electronics, data loggers, PDAs containing lithium batteries, games, tablets, watches, etc.
Devices containing lithium metal or lithium ion batteries (laptops, smartphones, tablets, etc.) should be carried in carry-on baggage.
Toronto-based Hydrostor Inc. is one of the businesses developing long-duration energy storage that has moved beyond lab scale and is now focusing on building big things. The company makes systems that store energy underground in the form of compressed air, which can be released to produce electricity for eight hours or longer. //
Unlike some other long-duration storage companies, Hydrostor has proven its technology. The company has operated a small, 1.75-megawatt plant in Goderich, Ontario, since 2019, which can run for about six hours at a time. Compressed-air storage existed before Hydrostor—plants in Germany and Alabama have been around for decades and use variations on this approach.
Hydrostor’s system uses a supersize air compressor that ideally would run on renewable electricity. The system draws air from the environment, compressing it and moving it through a pipe into a cavern more than 1,000 feet underground. The process of compressing the air produces heat, and the system extracts heat from the air and stores it above ground for reuse. As the air goes underground, it displaces water from the cavern up a shaft into a reservoir.
When it’s time to discharge energy, the system releases water into the cavern, forcing the air to the surface. The air then mixes with heat that the plant stored when the air was compressing, and this hot, dense air passes through a turbine to make electricity.
Buying cobalt doesn't make US firms liable for abuses in DR Congo, court rules. //
Apple and other major tech companies don't have to compensate victims of forced child labor that provided cobalt for the lithium-ion batteries used in many electronic devices, a US appeals court ruled. The lawsuit filed by former miners from the Democratic Republic of the Congo alleged that Apple, Alphabet, Dell, Microsoft, and Tesla violated a trafficking law that makes it illegal to participate in a "venture" that engages in forced labor.
"The plaintiffs allege the technology companies participated in a venture with their cobalt suppliers by purchasing the metal through the global supply chain," the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit noted in its ruling issued yesterday.
A US District Court previously dismissed the lawsuit, and a panel of three appeals court judges unanimously affirmed the dismissal yesterday. "Purchasing an unspecified amount of cobalt through the global supply chain is not 'participation in a venture' within the meaning of the TVPRA [Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2008]," the ruling said. "We therefore affirm the district court's dismissal of the complaint." //
The plaintiffs' argument was a little more nuanced that, arguing not that buying cobalt in and of itself is the problem, but that these tech firms are demanding so much cobalt and at such cutthroat prices that they're inducing the mining companies into employing children to meet demand and margins because that's the only way they can satisfy the demand at the prices paid.
Legally it's still probably the "correct" outcome, but morally it's pretty hard not to find some fault with these incredibly profitable tech companies pretty knowingly using their market muscle to drive these sorts of atrocities. They could do better if they wanted to.