The HP-41C overcame these limitations by adding alphanumeric capabilities to both the display and keyboard. The keyboard had an "Alpha" key that toggled the keyboard between alpha and the normal calculator mode. (The alpha characters were printed on the slanted faces of the keys.) If the user needed a function not printed on a key, the name of the function could be typed in and executed. (About half of the HP-41Cs functions were preassigned to keys.)

Because typing out the name of a function could be cumbersome, the HP-41C added another toggle key called "user". The user could assign any built-in function or user program to any key. Once the keyboard was placed in user mode, any assignments made by the user overrode the label on the key. (With the gold shift key, this allowed two user functions per key.) The user toggle state remained set even when the calculator was turned off allowing true keyboard customization.

To make it easy to remember keyboard assignments, HP provided keyboard overlays along with preprinted labels for all built-in functions and blank labels for user functions. In addition, whenever a key was held down, its function name was displayed. If it was the wrong key, the user could continue to hold it until the display showed "NULL" when meant the function was canceled.

Of course, HP didn't just improve the human interface. The HP-41C had more memory (now non-volatile) than its predecessor, more functions, improved programming, and could be expanded with both RAM and ROM modules.

Holy cow! We're talking eight figures in many cases. Now, the time scale runs from 1990 to 2024; we might note that the guy in second place, Raphael Warnock (D-GA), wasn't elected until 2021. So in three years, the reverend managed to rake in Big Pharma bucks to the tune of $14 million and change. He's in second place - and guess who's in first?

If you guessed Sen. Bernie Sanders (I), the daffy old Boshevik from Vermont, you guessed right. The pharmaceutical companies and the organizations associated with them have been feeling the Bern to the tune of $23,193,451. "Medical Societies" are the biggest donor bribers; they're into Bernie for over half that amount, $12,749,883. When Sanders claims he hasn't taken any money from Big Pharma CEOs, we should notice that he's specifying CEOs because he's taking a lot of money from the medical societies that they doubtlessly belong to. //

The only thing Bernie gets right about what socialism claims to be is that, despite his massive net worth, he still looks and dresses like a flood victim.

Now, this is a big, complex issue, and a lot to absorb, but the thumbnail is this: Rising nationalism in Europe is driven in part by frustration over rising energy costs (as well as things like unchecked immigration) and those rising energy costs are in large part due to net-zero schemes to appease climate activists. Britain has gone all-in for renewables, but the renewables aren't consistent, and when the wind isn't blowing, the United Kingdom has been relying on the expensive proposition of starting up natural-gas-powered electrical plants - using Norwegian natural gas. Their backup, incidentally, is gas imported from the United States, and President Trump is planning to ramp up production, but he's also likely to meet American consumer and industrial needs over exports. Interestingly, in the article linked above, "The Telegraph," an outlet not terribly friendly to President Trump, has actually given him credit for doing what's right by America first.

Ttcalc is a public domain programmable calculator for Microsoft Windows written by Stefan Seiwerth that is modeled after the HP-41C series of calculators. Download the program, unzip and see the readme.txt file for installation instructions. Run ttcalce.exe for the English version or ttcalc.exe for the German version. (The help file for either version is in German.)

In fiscal year 2023, the United States disbursed $72 billion of assistance worldwide on everything from women's health in conflict zones to access to clean water, HIV/AIDS treatments, energy security and anti-corruption work. It provided 42% of all humanitarian aid tracked by the United Nations in 2024. //

NavyVet Largo Patriot
11 hours ago
We should amend the Constitution, if we can't get legislation, that prevents any and all aid, grant, or other funding when the government has a deficit.

If we can't afford to give money away - i.e. government has to borrow money to meet its obligations - then it should be expressly illegal, and, any elected official proposing it should be immediately removed from office and barred from running in the future. //

doctor goodheart Weminuche45
4 hours ago
In my personal experience (Russia 1990's), it's a transfer of wealth from taxpayers to Beltway bandits, with a tiny percent of funds actually hitting the ground in foreign countries.

Per William Easterly's books (e.g. The White Man’s Burden: Why the West’s Efforts to Aid the Rest Have Done So Much Ill and So Little Good), foreign aid has repeatedly been shown to do more damage than good. It creates a large pool of money and therefore power to one tribe vs. another tribe; substitutes US-made food supplies for local growers, thereby perpetuating poverty--and so on and so forth as President Reagan would have said.
Anyway what to the leftists care? They used to be concerned about world poverty. Now they want to worsen it to depopulate the world, or at least keep most of the world unable to have cheap energy, the source of prosperity and health.

I spent many years conducting root cause analyses and teaching major corporate employees, mostly engineers, how to do root cause analysis. One of the tools for root cause analysis is what some call "5 Whys," but I always called a "Why-Why Analysis," as sometimes it may take two "Whys" and others, ten. In this case, there are too few houses. But they don't ask or answer the next question: Why? //

When asked, "How do you know when you've arrived at a root cause," my stock reply was, "When you arrive at the point where some person or group of people made a decision, that's likely to be your root cause." //

Percyisacat
4 hours ago
Where did they find 1100 sq feet for $2500 a month in Campbell?????? My son lived in Santa Clara, and paid over $3,000 a month for rent.

The White House @WhiteHouse
·
Kayla Hamilton, Jocelyn Nungaray, and Rachel Morin were murdered by illegal aliens.

Their courageous mothers had something to say to @SelenaGomez and those who oppose securing our borders. Watch ⬇️

6:14 PM · Jan 31, 2025

BECS are officially referred to as “voluntary,” and supposedly developed by “consensus,” for state and local governments to implement building energy efficiency requirements. The International Code Council (ICC), through its numerous committees, publishes these codes and generates revenues by selling them to whoever needs them (e.g., code officials, builders, trades, etc.). ICC energy codes are organized and managed under a separate division of the ICC called the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). //

“Consensus” building energy codes have been largely and silently commandeered by EERE which has accelerated under the Biden administration. “Consensus” comes through “packing the bleachers” of committees with loyalists to further the Net-Zero concept. Tactics include “improving” building energy efficiency codes through “public/private partnerships.” However, the true cause of Net-Zero policies is to advance electrified “energy efficiency” via “clean” (a.k.a. renewable) energy so that consumers can be more readily controlled. //

RedStorm
9 hours ago
I find energy consumption information useful as a consumer on major appliances, for example. Not that I think I’m ‘saving the planet’ by buying an appliance that uses less energy, but I like knowing relatively what that sucker is going to cost me to operate. Same with mileage information about an automobile. Those are useful regulations, requiring producers to provide information that is of value to consumers. Give me information to make decisions that make sense to me and my lifestyle, don’t restrict my options, let the market take care of that. If only regulators could stay in that lane…

Richard Grenell @Rechargeable
·
It It is not lost on me that most of the DC media failed to tell the truth about their partnership with the Biden Regime. Why else would they not criticize the failure of the Biden Administration to even visit Americans in prison in Venezuela?

The diplomatic standard is a wellness check, at least. These 6 Americans had ZERO help from Joe Biden, Anthony Blinken or Jake Sullivan.

Zero.

Donald Trump freed them on Day 11.
1:47 PM · Feb 1, 2025. //

Richard Grenell @RichardGrenell
·
We can now announce more great news from our Venezuela diplomatic mission yesterday:

Venezuela has agreed to take back all the illegal immigrants in the U.S. from Venezuela - and pay for it! Thanks to @realDonaldTrump!
1:13 PM · Feb 1, 2025. //

A former Biden official, who served under both Obama and Biden in the State Department and the Department of Defense, said it was "inconceivable" that the Trump team managed to pull this off.

Richard Grenell @RichardGrenell
·
Of course it’s inconceivable for someone from the Biden team…

They made chaos around the world because they didn’t show up or lead. There isn’t a region of the world that was safer after 4 years of Joe Biden’s Administration.

Brian P. McKeon @bpmckeon64
Replying to @MarcACaputo
It's inconceivable that Maduro didn't give something for the hostages and for agreeing to take deportees. A visit by Grenell wouldn't be enough.
4:46 PM · Feb 1, 2025