Ethernet switches aren’t exactly made for audio. And yet, they are the backbone of the IP audio networked facility. They have the power to make or break, literally, your broadcast operation. Here are a few things we’ve learned over the years in working with switches.

IP audio networks for broadcast are built on multicast, WheatNet IP audio included. Ethernet switches do not natively manage multicast traffic. They send multicast packets to every port on the switch, whether the devices connected to those ports requested streams or not. When more traffic arrives at the port than the device can handle, flooding occurs and that results in audio dropouts or complete loss of audio.

For this and other reasons, managed switches are best for broadcast. These Ethernet switches have control, security, and monitoring features that unmanaged switches lack. Among the most important are two key IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) features for managing audio packets: IGMP Snooping and an IGMP Querier.

Toto "Africa" with the names of all the nations of Africa

This calculator is used to size pumps. The calculator determines the total differential head of the pump and the absorbed power required. Frictional and static pressure drops in the suction and discharge lines are also calculated as well as the NPSH available.

Clone the item back to your individual vault by using the  Options menu to select Clone. This can be done from the Admin Console or, if you are an Owner, Admin, or have Manage collection access to the collection the item is kept in, it can also be done from your Vaults view.

Delete the item from the organization vault by selecting Delete from the  Options menu.

The Russian Transport Ministry is blaming the Ukrainian military for the massive explosion that sent the 93,000-ton liquid natural gas tanker Arctic Metagaz to the bottom of the Mediterranean. The Arctic Metagaz, a sanctioned Russian-flagged LNG tanker, was en route from Tieshan, China, to Port Said, Egypt with a cargo of 61,000 tons of LNG. When she was about 150 miles off Sirte, Libya, she lit up the Mediterranean sky.

For Raspberry Pi clusters, ham radio
digital modes, logging infrastructure, or anything where precise
timestamping matters, it’s noise.

A Stratum 1 NTP server solves this permanently: GPS satellites carry atomic-clock-derived time. A GPS receiver with a pulse-per-second (PPS) signal gives you sub-microsecond accuracy. Your entire network syncs directly from that, with no upstream dependency, no internet requirement, no pool latency.

Here’s how to build one for under $20.