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As shown in the below picture, the CAN bus level typically ranges (Common-Mode-Voltage = 0V) between 1.5 (CAN_L during dominant bit) and 3.5 Volts (CAN_H during dominant bit). However, the actual signal status, recessive or dominant, is based on the differential voltage Vdiff between CAN_H and CAN_L.
SAE J1939 Quick Reference
- Higher-Layer Protocol using CAN as the physical layer
- Shielded twisted pair wire
- Max. network length of 40 meters (~120 ft.)
- Standard baud rate of 250 kBit/sec
- Max. 30 nodes (ECUs) in a network
- Max. 253 controller applications (CA) where one ECU can manage several CAs
- Peer-to-peer and broadcast communication
- Support for message length up to 1785 bytes
- Definition of Parameter Groups (Predefined vehicle parameters)
- Network Management[1] (includes address claiming procedure.
It must be emphasized that the maximum network length of 40 m (roughly 120 ft.), the baud rate of 250 kBit/sec and the maximum number of nodes (30) are self-inflicted restrictions by the SAE, most probably with the intention to keep everything on the extreme safe side and thus trying to prevent potential runtime problems.
In all consequence, the network length at 250 kBit/sec, according to ISO 11898, is 250 m (roughly 750 ft).
In this guide we introduce the J1939 protocol basics incl. PGNs and SPNs.
Note: This is a practical intro so you will also learn how to decode J1939 data via DBC files, how J1939 logging works, key use cases and practical tips.
Learn below why this has become the #1 introduction to J1939.
You can also watch our J1939 intro above - or get the PDF
Who would win: the world's fastest computer circa 1976, or a $35 single-board computer from 2012? //
"In 1978, the Cray-1 supercomputer cost $7 million, weighed 10,500 pounds and had a 115 kilowatt power supply. It was, by far, the fastest computer in the world," Longbottom writes of the device, designed as the flagship product of Seymour Cray's high-performance computing company. "The Raspberry Pi costs around $70 (CPU board, case, power supply, SD Card), weighs a few ounces, uses a five watt power supply and is more than 4.5 times faster than the Cray 1." //
The same benchmark tests show even bigger gains for newer devices in the Raspberry Pi family, as you'd expect: the Raspberry Pi 400, the newest device in Longbottom's performance table, showed a performance gain of up to 95.5 times the Cray-1's results — in a device which fits on the palm of your hand, rather than becoming a very expensive piece of uncomfortable office furniture.
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