In order to completely avoid the write hole, you need to provide write atomicity. We call the operations which cannot be interrupted in the middle of the process "atomic". The "atomic" operation is either fully completed or is not done at all. If the atomic operation is interrupted because of external reasons (e.g. a power failure), it is guaranteed that a system stays either in original or in final state.

In a system which consists of several independent devices, natural atomicity doesn't exist. Variance of mechanical hard drives characteristics and data bus particularities don't allow to provide required synchronization. In these cases, transactions are typically used. Transaction is a group of operations for which atomicity is provided artificially. However, expensive overhead is required to provide transaction atomicity. Hence, transactions are not used in RAIDs.

One more option to avoid a write hole id to use a ZFS which is a hybrid of a filesystem and a RAID. ZFS uses "copy-on-write" to provide write atomicity. However, this technology requires a special type of RAID (RAID-Z) which cannot be reduced to a combination of common RAID types (RAID 0, RAID 1, or RAID 5).